一. RunLoop 运行循环具体步骤

二. 源码解析运行循环整个内部过程

1. RunLoop 对象的创建

1
2
3
4
5
6
// CFRunLoop.h 
CF_EXPORT CFRunLoopRef CFRunLoopGetCurrent(void);   // 获取当前线程 runloop 对象
CF_EXPORT CFRunLoopRef CFRunLoopGetMain(void);      // 获取主线程 runloop 对象

// 具体使用示例，获取当前runloop
CFRunLoopRef runloop = CFRunLoopGetCurrent();

RunLoop 既然是一个对象就必然有一个创建的过程，苹果不允许我们去自行创建 RunLoop 对象，其创建过程内部完成，只能通过函数获取当前线程的 RunLoop 对象。

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
// CFRunLoop.c
// 获取取主线程的 runloop
CFRunLoopRef CFRunLoopGetMain(void) {
    CHECK_FOR_FORK();
    static CFRunLoopRef __main = NULL; // no retain needed
    // 传入主线程
    if (!__main) __main = _CFRunLoopGet0(pthread_main_thread_np()); // no CAS needed
    return __main;
}

// 获取当前所在线程的 runloop
CFRunLoopRef CFRunLoopGetCurrent(void) {
    CHECK_FOR_FORK();
    CFRunLoopRef rl = (CFRunLoopRef)_CFGetTSD(__CFTSDKeyRunLoop);
    if (rl) return rl;
    // 传入当前线程
    return _CFRunLoopGet0(pthread_self());
}

CFRunLoopGetCurrent 函数必须要在线程内部调用，才能获取当前线程的RunLoop；CFRunLoopGetMain() 不管在主线程还是子线程中调用，都是得到主线程的RunLoop。
这两个获取线程 runloop 对象函数内部都调用了_CFRunLoopGet0() 函数，传入的参数是当前线程。

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
// 全局的 dictionary, key 是 pthread_t， value 是 CFRunLoopRef
static CFMutableDictionaryRef __CFRunLoops = NULL;
static CFSpinLock_t loopsLock = CFSpinLockInit;

// should only be called by Foundation
// t==0 is a synonym for "main thread" that always works
// 根据线程取 RunLoop
CF_EXPORT CFRunLoopRef _CFRunLoopGet0(pthread_t t) {
    if (pthread_equal(t, kNilPthreadT)) {
        t = pthread_main_thread_np();
    }
    __CFSpinLock(&loopsLock);
    // 如果存储 runloop 的字典不存在
    if (!__CFRunLoops) {
        __CFSpinUnlock(&loopsLock);
        // 创建一个临时字典dict
        CFMutableDictionaryRef dict = CFDictionaryCreateMutable(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, 0, NULL, &kCFTypeDictionaryValueCallBacks);
        // 创建主线程的runloop
        CFRunLoopRef mainLoop = __CFRunLoopCreate(pthread_main_thread_np());
        // 把主线程的runloop保存到dict中，key是线程，value是runloop
        CFDictionarySetValue(dict, pthreadPointer(pthread_main_thread_np()), mainLoop);
        // 此处 NULL 和 __CFRunLoops 指针都指向 NULL，匹配，所以将 dict 写到 __CFRunLoops
        if (!OSAtomicCompareAndSwapPtrBarrier(NULL, dict, (void * volatile *)&__CFRunLoops)) {
            // 释放dict
            CFRelease(dict);
        }
        // 释放 mainrunloop
        CFRelease(mainLoop);
        __CFSpinLock(&loopsLock);
    }
    // 以上说明，第一次进来的时候，不管是 getMainRunloop 还是get子线程的 runloop，主线程的 runloop 总是会被创建
    // 从字典 __CFRunLoops 中获取传入线程t的 runloop
    CFRunLoopRef loop = (CFRunLoopRef)CFDictionaryGetValue(__CFRunLoops, pthreadPointer(t));
    __CFSpinUnlock(&loopsLock);
    // 如果没有获取到
    if (!loop) {
        // 根据线程t创建一个runloop
        CFRunLoopRef newLoop = __CFRunLoopCreate(t);
        __CFSpinLock(&loopsLock);
        loop = (CFRunLoopRef)CFDictionaryGetValue(__CFRunLoops, pthreadPointer(t));
        if (!loop) {
            // 把newLoop存入字典__CFRunLoops，key是线程t
            CFDictionarySetValue(__CFRunLoops, pthreadPointer(t), newLoop);
            loop = newLoop;
        }
        // don't release run loops inside the loopsLock, because CFRunLoopDeallocate may end up taking it
        __CFSpinUnlock(&loopsLock);
        CFRelease(newLoop);
    }
    // 如果传入线程就是当前线程
    if (pthread_equal(t, pthread_self())) {
        _CFSetTSD(__CFTSDKeyRunLoop, (void *)loop, NULL);
        if (0 == _CFGetTSD(__CFTSDKeyRunLoopCntr)) {
            // 注册一个回调，当线程销毁时，销毁对应的runloop
            _CFSetTSD(__CFTSDKeyRunLoopCntr, (void *)(PTHREAD_DESTRUCTOR_ITERATIONS-1), (void (*)(void *))__CFFinalizeRunLoop);
        }
    }
    return loop;
}

// 根据线程创建一个runloop
static CFRunLoopRef __CFRunLoopCreate(pthread_t t) {
    CFRunLoopRef loop = NULL;
    CFRunLoopModeRef rlm;
    //计算一个内存大小用于创建CFRunLoopRef对象
    uint32_t size = sizeof(struct __CFRunLoop) - sizeof(CFRuntimeBase);
    //用runtime创建一个CFRunLoopRef对象
    loop = (CFRunLoopRef)_CFRuntimeCreateInstance(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, __kCFRunLoopTypeID, size, NULL);
    if (NULL == loop) {
        return NULL;
    }
    //初始化runloop的各种标记状态
    (void)__CFRunLoopPushPerRunData(loop);
    __CFRunLoopLockInit(&loop->_lock);
    //初始化一个唤醒端口，当需要唤醒runloop时，可以通过内核往该端口发送消息
    loop->_wakeUpPort = __CFPortAllocate();
    if (CFPORT_NULL == loop->_wakeUpPort) HALT;
    //设置runloop为唤醒状态
    __CFRunLoopSetIgnoreWakeUps(loop);
    //初始化_commonModes集合
    loop->_commonModes = CFSetCreateMutable(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, 0, &kCFTypeSetCallBacks);
    //把kCFRunLoopDefaultMode加入_commonModes
    CFSetAddValue(loop->_commonModes, kCFRunLoopDefaultMode);
    loop->_commonModeItems = NULL;
    loop->_currentMode = NULL;
    //初始化_modes集合
    loop->_modes = CFSetCreateMutable(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, 0, &kCFTypeSetCallBacks);
    loop->_blocks_head = NULL;
    loop->_blocks_tail = NULL;
    loop->_counterpart = NULL;
    //线程赋值为传入的线程
    loop->_pthread = t;
#if DEPLOYMENT_TARGET_WINDOWS
    loop->_winthread = GetCurrentThreadId();
#else
    loop->_winthread = 0;
#endif
    //查找kCFRunLoopDefaultMode，此处传入true，所以没找到会创建一个
    rlm = __CFRunLoopFindMode(loop, kCFRunLoopDefaultMode, true);
    if (NULL != rlm) __CFRunLoopModeUnlock(rlm);
    return loop;
}

_CFRunLoopGet0() 函数调用 __CFRunLoopCreate 函数才是真正的 RunLoop 对象创建过程，源码中分析得到以下几点：

  • 线程和 RunLoop 是一一对应的，对应关系保存在一个以 key-value 的方式全局的 dictionary 中；
  • RunLoop 创建过程类似懒加载，只有在第一次获取的时候才创建，所以一个线程只有唯一以其对应的 RunLoop 对象；
  • 主线程的 RunLoop 会在初始化全局字典时创建，子线程的 RunLoop 会在第一次获取的时候创建，如果不获取的话就一直不会被创建；
  • RunLoop 会在线程销毁时而销毁；

2. CFRunLoopAddCommonMode 创建 RunLoop 对象下的 mode

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
/**
 向 RunLoop 对象中添加 Mode

 @param rl RunLoop 对象
 @param modeName Mode 名字
 */
void CFRunLoopAddCommonMode(CFRunLoopRef rl, CFStringRef modeName) {
    CHECK_FOR_FORK();
    if (__CFRunLoopIsDeallocating(rl)) return;
    __CFRunLoopLock(rl);
    // 看 RunLoop 对象中是否已经有这个 mode，如果有就什么都不做
    if (!CFSetContainsValue(rl->_commonModes, modeName)) {
        // 取RunLoop的_commonModeItems
        CFSetRef set = rl->_commonModeItems ? CFSetCreateCopy(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, rl->_commonModeItems) : NULL;
        // 把modeName添加到RunLoop的_commonModes中
        CFSetAddValue(rl->_commonModes, modeName);
        if (NULL != set) {
            CFTypeRef context[2] = {rl, modeName};
            /* add all common-modes items to new mode */
            // 这里调用CFRunLoopAddSource/CFRunLoopAddObserver/CFRunLoopAddTimer的时候会调用，
            // __CFRunLoopFindMode(rl, modeName, true)，CFRunLoopMode对象在这个时候被创建
            CFSetApplyFunction(set, (__CFRunLoopAddItemsToCommonMode), (void *)context);
            CFRelease(set);
        }
    } else {
    }
    __CFRunLoopUnlock(rl);
}

苹果不允许我们直接创建一个 CFRunLoopMode 对象，通过调用CFRunLoopAddCommonMode 函数传入一个字符串向 RunLoop 中添加 Mode，传入的字符串即为Mode的名字，Mode对象在 RunLoop 内部创建的。

  • modeName 不能重复，modeName 是 mode 的唯一标识符；
  • RunLoop 对象中的 _commonModes 数组存放所有被标记为 common 的 mode 的名称；
  • 添加 commonMode 会把 commonModeItems 数组中的所有 source 同步到新添加的 mode；
  • CFRunLoopMode 对象在 CFRunLoopAddItemsToCommonMode 函数中调用CFRunLoopFindMode 时被创建；

3. CFRunLoopAddSource 添加 RunLoop 中 mode 的 modeItem (Observer/Source/Timer), 这里分析 Source 的添加过程

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
/**
 添加source事件

 @param rl       rl 对象
 @param rls      需添加的 RunLoopSource 对象
 @param modeName 以modeName查询添加
 */
void CFRunLoopAddSource(CFRunLoopRef rl, CFRunLoopSourceRef rls, CFStringRef modeName) {	/* DOES CALLOUT */
    CHECK_FOR_FORK();
    if (__CFRunLoopIsDeallocating(rl)) return;
    if (!__CFIsValid(rls)) return;
    Boolean doVer0Callout = false;
    __CFRunLoopLock(rl);
    // 如果是kCFRunLoopCommonModes
    if (modeName == kCFRunLoopCommonModes) {
        // 如果runloop的_commonModes存在，则copy一个新的复制给set
        CFSetRef set = rl->_commonModes ? CFSetCreateCopy(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, rl->_commonModes) : NULL;
       // 如果runl _commonModeItems为空
        if (NULL == rl->_commonModeItems) {
            // 先初始化
            rl->_commonModeItems = CFSetCreateMutable(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, 0, &kCFTypeSetCallBacks);
        }
        // 把传入的CFRunLoopSourceRef加入_commonModeItems
        CFSetAddValue(rl->_commonModeItems, rls);
        // 如果set存在
        if (NULL != set) {
            CFTypeRef context[2] = {rl, rls};
            /* add new item to all common-modes */
            // 则把set里的所有mode都执行一遍__CFRunLoopAddItemToCommonModes函数
            CFSetApplyFunction(set, (__CFRunLoopAddItemToCommonModes), (void *)context);
            CFRelease(set);
        }
        // 以上分支的逻辑就是，如果你往kCFRunLoopCommonModes里面添加一个source，那么所有_commonModes里的mode都会添加这个source
    } else {
        // 根据 modeName 查找 mode，如果不存在，则创建一个
        CFRunLoopModeRef rlm = __CFRunLoopFindMode(rl, modeName, true);
        // 如果_sources0不存在，则初始化_sources0，_sources0和_portToV1SourceMap
        if (NULL != rlm && NULL == rlm->_sources0) {
            rlm->_sources0 = CFSetCreateMutable(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, 0, &kCFTypeSetCallBacks);
            rlm->_sources1 = CFSetCreateMutable(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, 0, &kCFTypeSetCallBacks);
            rlm->_portToV1SourceMap = CFDictionaryCreateMutable(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, 0, NULL, NULL);
        }
        // 如果_sources0和_sources1中都不包含传入的source
        if (NULL != rlm && !CFSetContainsValue(rlm->_sources0, rls) && !CFSetContainsValue(rlm->_sources1, rls)) {
            //如果version是0，则加到_sources0
            if (0 == rls->_context.version0.version) {
                CFSetAddValue(rlm->_sources0, rls);
                // 如果version是1，则加到_sources1
            } else if (1 == rls->_context.version0.version) {
                CFSetAddValue(rlm->_sources1, rls);
                __CFPort src_port = rls->_context.version1.getPort(rls->_context.version1.info);
                if (CFPORT_NULL != src_port) {
                    // 此处只有在加到source1的时候才会把souce和一个mach_port_t对应起来
                    // 说明只有source1可以通过内核向其端口发送消息来主动唤醒runloop
                    CFDictionarySetValue(rlm->_portToV1SourceMap, (const void *)(uintptr_t)src_port, rls);
                    __CFPortSetInsert(src_port, rlm->_portSet);
                }
            }
            __CFRunLoopSourceLock(rls);
            // 把runloop加入到source的_runLoops中
            if (NULL == rls->_runLoops) {
                rls->_runLoops = CFBagCreateMutable(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, 0, &kCFTypeBagCallBacks); // sources retain run loops!
            }
            CFBagAddValue(rls->_runLoops, rl);
            __CFRunLoopSourceUnlock(rls);
            if (0 == rls->_context.version0.version) {
                if (NULL != rls->_context.version0.schedule) {
                    doVer0Callout = true;
                }
            }
        }
        if (NULL != rlm) {
            __CFRunLoopModeUnlock(rlm);
        }
    }
    __CFRunLoopUnlock(rl);
    if (doVer0Callout) {
        // although it looses some protection for the source, we have no choice but
        // to do this after unlocking the run loop and mode locks, to avoid deadlocks
        // where the source wants to take a lock which is already held in another
        // thread which is itself waiting for a run loop/mode lock
        rls->_context.version0.schedule(rls->_context.version0.info, rl, modeName);	/* CALLOUT */
    }
}

添加 mode 中所管理的各种事件 Observer/Source/Timer，此分析以Source 事件为例：

  • 若modeName传入 kCFRunLoopCommonModes，则该 source 会被保存到 RunLoop 的_commonModeItems 中，且被添加到所有 commonMode 中；
  • 若modeName传入的不是 kCFRunLoopCommonModes，则会先查找该Mode，如果没有，会创建一个；
  • 同一个 source 在一个 mode 中只能被添加一次；

4. CFRunLoopRun 启动线程的 RunLoop 入口

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
// 默认运行runloop的kCFRunLoopDefaultMode
void CFRunLoopRun(void) {	/* DOES CALLOUT */
    int32_t result;
    do {
        // 默认在kCFRunLoopDefaultMode下运行runloop
        result = CFRunLoopRunSpecific(CFRunLoopGetCurrent(), kCFRunLoopDefaultMode, 1.0e10, false);
        CHECK_FOR_FORK();
    } while (kCFRunLoopRunStopped != result && kCFRunLoopRunFinished != result);
}

// 指定特定 mode 启动 RunLoop
SInt32 CFRunLoopRunInMode(CFStringRef modeName, CFTimeInterval seconds, Boolean returnAfterSourceHandled) {     /* DOES CALLOUT */
    CHECK_FOR_FORK();
    return CFRunLoopRunSpecific(CFRunLoopGetCurrent(), modeName, seconds, returnAfterSourceHandled);
}

启动线程的 RunLoop, 类似一个 do - while 循环，但是只能这么理解，do - while 循环线程还是占有 cpu 一直运行，这里循环是真正的线程等待节省 CPU 资源；启动 RunLoop 内部都是调用 CFRunLoopRunSpecific 函数启动的，方式有两种：一种是调用 CFRunLoopRun 函数是以 DefaultMode 方式启动，其中两个参数一个 RunLoop 对象是当前 RunLoop 对象，另一个是 modeName 参数传入 kCFRunLoopDefaultMode；另一种是调用 CFRunLoopRunInMode 函数以特定 mode 启动 RunLoop，通过 modeName 参数传入指定的一个 mode，运行起来之后，被指定的 mode 即为 currentMode；

5. CFRunLoopRunSpecific 根据传入model 启动 RunLoop 中间过程

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
/*
 * 指定mode运行runloop
 * @param rl 当前运行的runloop
 * @param modeName 需要运行的mode的name
 * @param seconds  runloop的超时时间
 * @param returnAfterSourceHandled 是否处理完事件就返回
 */
SInt32 CFRunLoopRunSpecific(CFRunLoopRef rl, CFStringRef modeName, CFTimeInterval seconds, Boolean returnAfterSourceHandled) {     /* DOES CALLOUT */
    CHECK_FOR_FORK();
    if (__CFRunLoopIsDeallocating(rl)) return kCFRunLoopRunFinished;
    __CFRunLoopLock(rl);
    //根据modeName找到本次运行的mode
    CFRunLoopModeRef currentMode = __CFRunLoopFindMode(rl, modeName, false);
    //如果没找到 || mode中没有注册任何事件，则就此停止，不进入循环
    if (NULL == currentMode || __CFRunLoopModeIsEmpty(rl, currentMode, rl->_currentMode)) {
        Boolean did = false;
        if (currentMode) __CFRunLoopModeUnlock(currentMode);
        __CFRunLoopUnlock(rl);
        return did ? kCFRunLoopRunHandledSource : kCFRunLoopRunFinished;
    }
    volatile _per_run_data *previousPerRun = __CFRunLoopPushPerRunData(rl);
    //取_currentMode，保存为上一次运行的mode
    CFRunLoopModeRef previousMode = rl->_currentMode;
    //把即将开始运行的mode 赋值给_currentMode
    rl->_currentMode = currentMode;
    //初始化一个result为kCFRunLoopRunFinished
    int32_t result = kCFRunLoopRunFinished;
    
    // 1.通知observer即将进入runloop
    if (currentMode->_observerMask & kCFRunLoopEntry ) __CFRunLoopDoObservers(rl, currentMode, kCFRunLoopEntry);
    // RunLoop 运行循环 run 起来的核心函数
    result = __CFRunLoopRun(rl, currentMode, seconds, returnAfterSourceHandled, previousMode);
    //10.通知observer已退出runloop
    if (currentMode->_observerMask & kCFRunLoopExit ) __CFRunLoopDoObservers(rl, currentMode, kCFRunLoopExit);
    
    __CFRunLoopModeUnlock(currentMode);
    __CFRunLoopPopPerRunData(rl, previousPerRun);
    rl->_currentMode = previousMode;
    __CFRunLoopUnlock(rl);
    return result;
}

启动 RunLoop 先通过调用启动入口函数后，再通过调用 CFRunLoopRunSpecific 这个中间函数判断 model 相关逻辑，最终调用 __CFRunLoopRun 函数实现真正的 run；

  • 传入的 mode 必须是一个存在的 mode 来运行 RunLoop，无则 run 失败；
  • 指定运行的 mode 中必须包含 modeItem，至少一个 modeItem，无则 RunLoop 不运行或者退出；
  • 在进入 run loop 之前通知observer，状态为 kCFRunLoopEntry；
  • 进入 run loop 之后调用了 __CFRunLoopRun 函数获取对应 RunLoop 状态；
  • 在退出 run loop之后通知 observer，状态为 kCFRunLoopExit；

_CFRunLoopRun 线程 RunLoop 运行循环 run 起来的核心函数

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
253
254
255
256
257
258
259
260
261
262
263
264
265
266
267
268
269
270
271
272
273
274
275
276
277
278
279
280
281
282
283
284
285
286
287
288
289
290
291
292
293
294
295
296
297
298
299
300
301
302
303
304
305
306
307
308
309
310
311
312
313
314
315
316
317
318
319
320
321
322
323
324
325
326
327
328
329
330
331
332
333
334
335
336
/**
 *  运行run loop
 *
 *  @param rl              运行的RunLoop对象
 *  @param rlm             运行的mode
 *  @param seconds         run loop超时时间
 *  @param stopAfterHandle true:run loop处理完事件就退出  false:一直运行直到超时或者被手动终止
 *  @param previousMode    上一次运行的mode
 *
 *  @return 返回4种状态
 */
static int32_t __CFRunLoopRun(CFRunLoopRef rl, CFRunLoopModeRef rlm, CFTimeInterval seconds, Boolean stopAfterHandle, CFRunLoopModeRef previousMode) {
    //获取系统启动后的CPU运行时间，用于控制超时时间
    uint64_t startTSR = mach_absolute_time();
    
    //如果RunLoop或者mode是stop状态，则直接return，不进入循环
    if (__CFRunLoopIsStopped(rl)) {
        __CFRunLoopUnsetStopped(rl);
        return kCFRunLoopRunStopped;
    } else if (rlm->_stopped) {
        rlm->_stopped = false;
        return kCFRunLoopRunStopped;
    }
    
    //mach端口，在内核中，消息在端口之间传递。 初始为0
    mach_port_name_t dispatchPort = MACH_PORT_NULL;
    //判断是否为主线程
    Boolean libdispatchQSafe = pthread_main_np() && ((HANDLE_DISPATCH_ON_BASE_INVOCATION_ONLY && NULL == previousMode) || (!HANDLE_DISPATCH_ON_BASE_INVOCATION_ONLY && 0 == _CFGetTSD(__CFTSDKeyIsInGCDMainQ)));
    //如果在主线程 && runloop是主线程的runloop && 该mode是commonMode，则给mach端口赋值为主线程收发消息的端口
    if (libdispatchQSafe && (CFRunLoopGetMain() == rl) && CFSetContainsValue(rl->_commonModes, rlm->_name)) dispatchPort = _dispatch_get_main_queue_port_4CF();
    
#if USE_DISPATCH_SOURCE_FOR_TIMERS
    mach_port_name_t modeQueuePort = MACH_PORT_NULL;
    if (rlm->_queue) {
        modeQueuePort = _dispatch_runloop_root_queue_get_port_4CF(rlm->_queue);
        if (!modeQueuePort) {
            CRASH("Unable to get port for run loop mode queue (%d)", -1);
        }
    }
#endif
    
    //GCD管理的定时器，用于实现runloop超时机制
    dispatch_source_t timeout_timer = NULL;
    struct __timeout_context *timeout_context = (struct __timeout_context *)malloc(sizeof(*timeout_context));
    
    //立即超时
    if (seconds <= 0.0) { // instant timeout
        seconds = 0.0;
        timeout_context->termTSR = 0ULL;
    }
    //seconds为超时时间，超时时执行__CFRunLoopTimeout函数
    else if (seconds <= TIMER_INTERVAL_LIMIT) {
        dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_global_queue(DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_HIGH, DISPATCH_QUEUE_OVERCOMMIT);
        timeout_timer = dispatch_source_create(DISPATCH_SOURCE_TYPE_TIMER, 0, 0, queue);
        dispatch_retain(timeout_timer);
        timeout_context->ds = timeout_timer;
        timeout_context->rl = (CFRunLoopRef)CFRetain(rl);
        timeout_context->termTSR = startTSR + __CFTimeIntervalToTSR(seconds);
        dispatch_set_context(timeout_timer, timeout_context); // source gets ownership of context
        dispatch_source_set_event_handler_f(timeout_timer, __CFRunLoopTimeout);
        dispatch_source_set_cancel_handler_f(timeout_timer, __CFRunLoopTimeoutCancel);
        uint64_t ns_at = (uint64_t)((__CFTSRToTimeInterval(startTSR) + seconds) * 1000000000ULL);
        dispatch_source_set_timer(timeout_timer, dispatch_time(1, ns_at), DISPATCH_TIME_FOREVER, 1000ULL);
        dispatch_resume(timeout_timer);
    }
    //永不超时
    else { // infinite timeout
        seconds = 9999999999.0;
        timeout_context->termTSR = UINT64_MAX;
    }
    
    //标志位默认为true
    Boolean didDispatchPortLastTime = true;
    //记录最后runloop状态，用于return
    int32_t retVal = 0;
    do {
        //初始化一个存放内核消息的缓冲池
        uint8_t msg_buffer[3 * 1024];
#if DEPLOYMENT_TARGET_MACOSX || DEPLOYMENT_TARGET_EMBEDDED || DEPLOYMENT_TARGET_EMBEDDED_MINI
        mach_msg_header_t *msg = NULL;
        mach_port_t livePort = MACH_PORT_NULL;
#elif DEPLOYMENT_TARGET_WINDOWS
        HANDLE livePort = NULL;
        Boolean windowsMessageReceived = false;
#endif
        //取所有需要监听的port
        __CFPortSet waitSet = rlm->_portSet;
        
        //设置RunLoop为可以被唤醒状态
        __CFRunLoopUnsetIgnoreWakeUps(rl);
        
        //2.通知observer，即将触发timer回调，处理timer事件
        if (rlm->_observerMask & kCFRunLoopBeforeTimers) __CFRunLoopDoObservers(rl, rlm, kCFRunLoopBeforeTimers);
        //3.通知observer，即将触发Source0回调
        if (rlm->_observerMask & kCFRunLoopBeforeSources) __CFRunLoopDoObservers(rl, rlm, kCFRunLoopBeforeSources);
        
        //执行加入当前runloop的block
        __CFRunLoopDoBlocks(rl, rlm);
        
        //4.处理source0事件
        //有事件处理返回true，没有事件返回false
        Boolean sourceHandledThisLoop = __CFRunLoopDoSources0(rl, rlm, stopAfterHandle);
        if (sourceHandledThisLoop) {
            //执行加入当前runloop的block
            __CFRunLoopDoBlocks(rl, rlm);
        }
        
        //如果没有Sources0事件处理 并且 没有超时，poll为false
        //如果有Sources0事件处理 或者 超时，poll都为true
        Boolean poll = sourceHandledThisLoop || (0ULL == timeout_context->termTSR);
        
        //第一次do..whil循环不会走该分支，因为didDispatchPortLastTime初始化是true
        if (MACH_PORT_NULL != dispatchPort && !didDispatchPortLastTime) {
#if DEPLOYMENT_TARGET_MACOSX || DEPLOYMENT_TARGET_EMBEDDED || DEPLOYMENT_TARGET_EMBEDDED_MINI
            //从缓冲区读取消息
            msg = (mach_msg_header_t *)msg_buffer;
            //接收dispatchPort端口的消息，（接收source1事件）
            if (__CFRunLoopServiceMachPort(dispatchPort, &msg, sizeof(msg_buffer), &livePort, 0)) {
                //如果接收到了消息的话，开始处理msg
                goto handle_msg;
            }
#elif DEPLOYMENT_TARGET_WINDOWS
            if (__CFRunLoopWaitForMultipleObjects(NULL, &dispatchPort, 0, 0, &livePort, NULL)) {
                goto handle_msg;
            }
#endif
        }
        
        didDispatchPortLastTime = false;
        
        //6.通知观察者RunLoop即将进入休眠
        if (!poll && (rlm->_observerMask & kCFRunLoopBeforeWaiting)) __CFRunLoopDoObservers(rl, rlm, kCFRunLoopBeforeWaiting);
        //设置RunLoop为休眠状态
        __CFRunLoopSetSleeping(rl);
        // do not do any user callouts after this point (after notifying of sleeping)
        
        // Must push the local-to-this-activation ports in on every loop
        // iteration, as this mode could be run re-entrantly and we don't
        // want these ports to get serviced.
        
        __CFPortSetInsert(dispatchPort, waitSet);
        
        __CFRunLoopModeUnlock(rlm);
        __CFRunLoopUnlock(rl);
        
#if DEPLOYMENT_TARGET_MACOSX || DEPLOYMENT_TARGET_EMBEDDED || DEPLOYMENT_TARGET_EMBEDDED_MINI
#if USE_DISPATCH_SOURCE_FOR_TIMERS
        do {
            if (kCFUseCollectableAllocator) {
                objc_clear_stack(0);
                memset(msg_buffer, 0, sizeof(msg_buffer));
            }
            msg = (mach_msg_header_t *)msg_buffer;
            //接收waitSet端口的消息
            __CFRunLoopServiceMachPort(waitSet, &msg, sizeof(msg_buffer), &livePort, poll ? 0 : TIMEOUT_INFINITY);
            
            if (modeQueuePort != MACH_PORT_NULL && livePort == modeQueuePort) {
                // Drain the internal queue. If one of the callout blocks sets the timerFired flag, break out and service the timer.
                while (_dispatch_runloop_root_queue_perform_4CF(rlm->_queue));
                if (rlm->_timerFired) {
                    // Leave livePort as the queue port, and service timers below
                    rlm->_timerFired = false;
                    break;
                } else {
                    if (msg && msg != (mach_msg_header_t *)msg_buffer) free(msg);
                }
            } else {
                // Go ahead and leave the inner loop.
                break;
            }
        } while (1);
#else
        if (kCFUseCollectableAllocator) {
            objc_clear_stack(0);
            memset(msg_buffer, 0, sizeof(msg_buffer));
        }
        msg = (mach_msg_header_t *)msg_buffer;
        __CFRunLoopServiceMachPort(waitSet, &msg, sizeof(msg_buffer), &livePort, poll ? 0 : TIMEOUT_INFINITY);
#endif
        
#elif DEPLOYMENT_TARGET_WINDOWS
        // Here, use the app-supplied message queue mask. They will set this if they are interested in having this run loop receive windows messages.
        __CFRunLoopWaitForMultipleObjects(waitSet, NULL, poll ? 0 : TIMEOUT_INFINITY, rlm->_msgQMask, &livePort, &windowsMessageReceived);
#endif
        
        __CFRunLoopLock(rl);
        __CFRunLoopModeLock(rlm);
        
        // Must remove the local-to-this-activation ports in on every loop
        // iteration, as this mode could be run re-entrantly and we don't
        // want these ports to get serviced. Also, we don't want them left
        // in there if this function returns.
        
        __CFPortSetRemove(dispatchPort, waitSet);
        
        __CFRunLoopSetIgnoreWakeUps(rl);
        
        // user callouts now OK again
        //取消runloop的休眠状态
        __CFRunLoopUnsetSleeping(rl);
        //通知观察者runloop被唤醒
        if (!poll && (rlm->_observerMask & kCFRunLoopAfterWaiting)) __CFRunLoopDoObservers(rl, rlm, kCFRunLoopAfterWaiting);
      
        //处理消息
    handle_msg:;
        __CFRunLoopSetIgnoreWakeUps(rl);
        
#if DEPLOYMENT_TARGET_WINDOWS
        if (windowsMessageReceived) {
            // These Win32 APIs cause a callout, so make sure we're unlocked first and relocked after
            __CFRunLoopModeUnlock(rlm);
            __CFRunLoopUnlock(rl);
            
            if (rlm->_msgPump) {
                rlm->_msgPump();
            } else {
                MSG msg;
                if (PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE | PM_NOYIELD)) {
                    TranslateMessage(&msg);
                    DispatchMessage(&msg);
                }
            }
            
            __CFRunLoopLock(rl);
            __CFRunLoopModeLock(rlm);
            sourceHandledThisLoop = true;
            
            // To prevent starvation of sources other than the message queue, we check again to see if any other sources need to be serviced
            // Use 0 for the mask so windows messages are ignored this time. Also use 0 for the timeout, because we're just checking to see if the things are signalled right now -- we will wait on them again later.
            // NOTE: Ignore the dispatch source (it's not in the wait set anymore) and also don't run the observers here since we are polling.
            __CFRunLoopSetSleeping(rl);
            __CFRunLoopModeUnlock(rlm);
            __CFRunLoopUnlock(rl);
            
            __CFRunLoopWaitForMultipleObjects(waitSet, NULL, 0, 0, &livePort, NULL);
            
            __CFRunLoopLock(rl);
            __CFRunLoopModeLock(rlm);
            __CFRunLoopUnsetSleeping(rl);
            // If we have a new live port then it will be handled below as normal
        }
        
#endif
        if (MACH_PORT_NULL == livePort) {
            CFRUNLOOP_WAKEUP_FOR_NOTHING();
            // handle nothing
        } else if (livePort == rl->_wakeUpPort) {
            CFRUNLOOP_WAKEUP_FOR_WAKEUP();
            // do nothing on Mac OS
#if DEPLOYMENT_TARGET_WINDOWS
            // Always reset the wake up port, or risk spinning forever
            ResetEvent(rl->_wakeUpPort);
#endif
        }
#if USE_DISPATCH_SOURCE_FOR_TIMERS
        else if (modeQueuePort != MACH_PORT_NULL && livePort == modeQueuePort) {
            CFRUNLOOP_WAKEUP_FOR_TIMER();
            if (!__CFRunLoopDoTimers(rl, rlm, mach_absolute_time())) {
                // Re-arm the next timer, because we apparently fired early
                __CFArmNextTimerInMode(rlm, rl);
            }
        }
#endif
#if USE_MK_TIMER_TOO
        else if (rlm->_timerPort != MACH_PORT_NULL && livePort == rlm->_timerPort) {
            CFRUNLOOP_WAKEUP_FOR_TIMER();
            // On Windows, we have observed an issue where the timer port is set before the time which we requested it to be set. For example, we set the fire time to be TSR 167646765860, but it is actually observed firing at TSR 167646764145, which is 1715 ticks early. The result is that, when __CFRunLoopDoTimers checks to see if any of the run loop timers should be firing, it appears to be 'too early' for the next timer, and no timers are handled.
            // In this case, the timer port has been automatically reset (since it was returned from MsgWaitForMultipleObjectsEx), and if we do not re-arm it, then no timers will ever be serviced again unless something adjusts the timer list (e.g. adding or removing timers). The fix for the issue is to reset the timer here if CFRunLoopDoTimers did not handle a timer itself. 9308754
            if (!__CFRunLoopDoTimers(rl, rlm, mach_absolute_time())) {
                // Re-arm the next timer
                __CFArmNextTimerInMode(rlm, rl);
            }
        }
#endif
        else if (livePort == dispatchPort) {
            CFRUNLOOP_WAKEUP_FOR_DISPATCH();
            __CFRunLoopModeUnlock(rlm);
            __CFRunLoopUnlock(rl);
            _CFSetTSD(__CFTSDKeyIsInGCDMainQ, (void *)6, NULL);
#if DEPLOYMENT_TARGET_WINDOWS
            void *msg = 0;
#endif
            __CFRUNLOOP_IS_SERVICING_THE_MAIN_DISPATCH_QUEUE__(msg);
            _CFSetTSD(__CFTSDKeyIsInGCDMainQ, (void *)0, NULL);
            __CFRunLoopLock(rl);
            __CFRunLoopModeLock(rlm);
            sourceHandledThisLoop = true;
            didDispatchPortLastTime = true;
        } else {
            CFRUNLOOP_WAKEUP_FOR_SOURCE();
            // Despite the name, this works for windows handles as well
            CFRunLoopSourceRef rls = __CFRunLoopModeFindSourceForMachPort(rl, rlm, livePort);
            if (rls) {
#if DEPLOYMENT_TARGET_MACOSX || DEPLOYMENT_TARGET_EMBEDDED || DEPLOYMENT_TARGET_EMBEDDED_MINI
                mach_msg_header_t *reply = NULL;
                //处理source1事件
                sourceHandledThisLoop = __CFRunLoopDoSource1(rl, rlm, rls, msg, msg->msgh_size, &reply) || sourceHandledThisLoop;
                if (NULL != reply) {
                    (void)mach_msg(reply, MACH_SEND_MSG, reply->msgh_size, 0, MACH_PORT_NULL, 0, MACH_PORT_NULL);
                    CFAllocatorDeallocate(kCFAllocatorSystemDefault, reply);
                }
#elif DEPLOYMENT_TARGET_WINDOWS
                sourceHandledThisLoop = __CFRunLoopDoSource1(rl, rlm, rls) || sourceHandledThisLoop;
#endif
            }
        }
#if DEPLOYMENT_TARGET_MACOSX || DEPLOYMENT_TARGET_EMBEDDED || DEPLOYMENT_TARGET_EMBEDDED_MINI
        if (msg && msg != (mach_msg_header_t *)msg_buffer) free(msg);
#endif
     
        __CFRunLoopDoBlocks(rl, rlm);
        
        if (sourceHandledThisLoop && stopAfterHandle) {
            retVal = kCFRunLoopRunHandledSource;
        } else if (timeout_context->termTSR < mach_absolute_time()) {
            retVal = kCFRunLoopRunTimedOut;
        } else if (__CFRunLoopIsStopped(rl)) {
            __CFRunLoopUnsetStopped(rl);
            retVal = kCFRunLoopRunStopped;
        } else if (rlm->_stopped) {
            rlm->_stopped = false;
            retVal = kCFRunLoopRunStopped;
        } else if (__CFRunLoopModeIsEmpty(rl, rlm, previousMode)) {
            retVal = kCFRunLoopRunFinished;
        }
    } while (0 == retVal);
    
    if (timeout_timer) {
        dispatch_source_cancel(timeout_timer);
        dispatch_release(timeout_timer);
    } else {
        free(timeout_context);
    }
    
    return retVal;
}

ibireme runloop 全面解读

opensource CFRunLoop 源码下载

developer documentation RunLoop